The Components Of Ship Cranes
Ship cranes are currently used in bulk carriers, container ships, oil tankers, multi-purpose ships, etc. For example, cargo cranes for bulk carriers and container ships, hose cranes for oil tankers, deck cranes for multi-purpose ships, etc. Compared with general land cranes, ship cranes are installed on unstable ships, and the ships will tilt and sway during operation, and the working environment is harsh and changeable, and they need to withstand the erosion of sea breeze and seawater; they also need to withstand wind and snow, waves, sway, when the ship is not working. , The impact of external forces such as vertical swing. Ship cranes have various structural forms, such as boom slewing type, walking type, wire rope luffing type, cylinder luffing type, telescopic boom type, folding boom type, A-frame type, composite type, etc.; driving methods vary, such as electric, electric-hydraulic drive, electric-pneumatic drive, gas (diesel) engine drive, manual drive, etc. The most typical is the electro-hydraulic ship crane installed on bulk carriers for cargo loading and unloading. The load-bearing structures of ship cranes such as base columns, towers, and booms are welded structural parts of metal steel plates. The lower part of the base column is welded to the ship structure, bearing the gravity load of the crane, and the upper part of the base column is equipped with a slewing support; the tower is the supporting structure of the crane, connected to the slewing support at the lower part, and hinged with the boom, and the upper part has a pulley group. Wire rope movement, the tower is used as a machine room, and the driver’s cab is located at the front; the boom is a similar truss structure, used to support heavy objects.
The ship crane mechanism has lifting mechanism, luffing mechanism, slewing mechanism and other actuating mechanisms. The lifting mechanism is to lift the goods by lifting the hook up and down by winding and unwinding the wire rope by the motor through the reducer to drive the reel to rotate; the luffing mechanism is to change the angle of the boom by winding and unwinding the wire rope by the motor through the reducer to drive the reel to rotate. Let the hook perform the luffing movement at different amplitudes; the slewing mechanism side is to make the tower and boom rotate by the motor through the reducer to drive the pinion to mesh with the large gear of the slewing support to perform the slewing movement; the three mechanisms are reduced. The speed box is equipped with a normally closed brake to ensure the normal operation of each movement. The coordinated operation of the three mechanisms puts the load to the required position within the working range.The electrical system of the driving and control parts has various control elements in the electric control box to form a control system according to the requirements, and the operation control is performed by the buttons and handles on the console installed on both sides of the driver’s seat. The hydraulic system consists of pumps, motors, valve groups, pipelines and accessories, which are used to control and drive several actuating mechanisms. The ship crane also has auxiliary devices such as passages and ventilation devices.